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Controlling the weather
The weather affects all of us. An unexpected _____ or _____ _____ can be annoying, but when conditions are more _____ , it can severely impact agriculture, transport infrastructure and our homes. It’s no surprise that for centuries scientists have tried to control the weather – but is it really possible?
Due to _____ _____ , there are more regular occurrences of _____ , which cause _____ , and _____ _____ , which is responsible for _____ . Although humans are the cause of much of it, maybe we have a solution too? For example, China, the UAE and the USA are at the forefront of research into methods of producing rain in _____ -_____ areas. And some scientists are even thinking about investigating technologies which could _____ the entire planet.
It might sound like science fiction, but _____ _____ is nothing new. In the 1940s, scientists discovered that dropping particles of _____ _____ into cloud tops, made the tiny water droplets _____ and could stimulate _____ . That’s called _____ _____ . This is a technique still being tested today with the aim of producing extra _____ and, therefore, water for drought-affected farmers.
Other ideas for keeping nature at bay include using lasers to generate clouds and for controlling _____ . One idea involved firing laser pulses into _____ in an attempt to suck out _____ in a controlled manner. This was unsuccessful. New research into _____ _____ has also begun. This type of climate engineering involves _____ being reflected back to space to limit or reverse human-caused climate change.Despite all this ongoing research, there’s no conclusive evidence that our weather can be controlled. Chris Bell, a lecturer in _____ at the University of East Anglia, told BBC Future: “We may, one day, have the technology to control the weather, but it will be in thousands, not hundreds, of years.” So, for now, we still need to rely on _____ _____ to control our weather.
Controlling the weather
The weather affects all of us. An unexpected downpour or hot spell can be annoying, but when conditions are more extreme, it can severely impact agriculture, transport infrastructure and our homes. It’s no surprise that for centuries scientists have tried to control the weather – but is it really possible?
Due to climate change, there are more regular occurrences of heatwaves, which cause droughts, and torrential rain, which is responsible for flooding. Although humans are the cause of much of it, maybe we have a solution too? For example, China, the UAE and the USA are at the forefront of research into methods of producing rain in drought-stricken areas. And some scientists are even thinking about investigating technologies which could cool the entire planet.
It might sound like science fiction, but weather modification is nothing new. In the 1940s, scientists discovered that dropping particles of silver iodide into cloud tops, made the tiny water droplets condense and could stimulate precipitation. That’s called cloud seeding. This is a technique still being tested today with the aim of producing extra rainfall and, therefore, water for drought-affected farmers.
Other ideas for keeping nature at bay include using lasers to generate clouds and for controlling thunderstorms. One idea involved firing laser pulses into thunderclouds in an attempt to suck out lightning in a controlled manner. This was unsuccessful. New research into solar geoengineering has also begun. This type of climate engineering involves sunlight being reflected back to space to limit or reverse human-caused climate change.
Despite all this ongoing research, there’s no conclusive evidence that our weather can be controlled. Chris Bell, a lecturer in meteorology at the University of East Anglia, told BBC Future: “We may, one day, have the technology to control the weather, but it will be in thousands, not hundreds, of years.” So, for now, we still need to rely on Mother Nature to control our weather.
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1. downpour /ˈdaʊnpɔːr/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A sudden and heavy rainfall.
(Trận mưa lớn và đột ngột.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
2. hot spell /hɒt spɛl/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A period of unusually hot weather.
(Khoảng thời gian thời tiết nóng bất thường.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
3. extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): Very severe or serious.
(Cực kỳ nghiêm trọng hoặc khắc nghiệt.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
4. climate change /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.
(Biến đổi khí hậu lâu dài về nhiệt độ và các kiểu thời tiết.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
5. heatwave /ˈhiːtweɪv/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A prolonged period of extremely hot weather.
(Đợt nắng nóng kéo dài với nhiệt độ cực cao.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
6. drought /draʊt/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A long period with little or no rain.
(Thời kỳ hạn hán kéo dài với rất ít hoặc không có mưa.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
7. torrential rain /təˈrɛnʃəl reɪn/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): Very heavy rain falling in a short period.
(Mưa xối xả trong một khoảng thời gian ngắn.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
8. flooding /ˈflʌdɪŋ/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A situation where an area is covered with water due to heavy rain or other causes.
(Tình trạng một khu vực bị ngập nước do mưa lớn hoặc nguyên nhân khác.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
9. drought-stricken /draʊt ˈstrɪkən/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): Severely affected by drought.
(Bị ảnh hưởng nặng nề bởi hạn hán.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
10. cool /kuːl/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): Having a low or comfortable temperature.
(Có nhiệt độ thấp hoặc dễ chịu.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
11. weather modification /ˈwɛðər ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): The process of changing or influencing the weather artificially.
(Quá trình thay đổi hoặc tác động đến thời tiết một cách nhân tạo.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
12. silver iodide /ˈsɪlvər ˈaɪədaɪd/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A chemical compound used in cloud seeding to encourage precipitation.
(Một hợp chất hóa học được sử dụng trong quá trình gieo mây để kích thích mưa.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
13. condense /kənˈdɛns/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): To change from a gas to a liquid, often referring to water vapor turning into water droplets.
(Chuyển từ thể khí sang thể lỏng, thường chỉ hiện tượng hơi nước ngưng tụ thành giọt nước.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
14. precipitation /prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
(Bất kỳ dạng nước nào rơi từ khí quyển, như mưa, tuyết, mưa đá hoặc mưa phùn.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
15. cloud seeding /klaʊd ˈsiːdɪŋ/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A weather modification technique used to increase precipitation by dispersing substances into clouds.
(Một kỹ thuật thay đổi thời tiết được sử dụng để tăng lượng mưa bằng cách phân tán các chất vào mây.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
16. rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): The amount of rain that falls over a specific area during a period of time.
(Lượng mưa rơi xuống một khu vực trong một khoảng thời gian nhất định.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
17. thunderstorm /ˈθʌndərstɔːrm/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A storm that includes thunder, lightning, and usually heavy rain.
(Một cơn bão có sấm sét và thường kèm theo mưa lớn.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
18. thundercloud /ˈθʌndərklaʊd/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A large, dark cloud that produces thunder and lightning.
(Một đám mây lớn, tối màu tạo ra sấm sét.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
19. lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A sudden flash of light in the sky caused by electricity during a storm.
(Một tia sáng đột ngột trên bầu trời do điện tạo ra trong cơn bão.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
20. solar geoengineering /ˈsoʊlər ˌdʒiːoʊˌɛndʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A scientific method of altering the Earth’s climate by reflecting sunlight to cool the planet.
(Một phương pháp khoa học thay đổi khí hậu Trái Đất bằng cách phản xạ ánh sáng mặt trời để làm mát hành tinh.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
21. sunlight /ˈsʌnlaɪt/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): The natural light that comes from the sun.
(Ánh sáng tự nhiên phát ra từ mặt trời.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
22. meteorology /ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒi/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): The scientific study of weather and atmospheric conditions.
(Khoa học nghiên cứu về thời tiết và điều kiện khí quyển.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):
23. Mother Nature /ˌmʌðər ˈneɪtʃər/
🔹 Meaning (Ý nghĩa): A term used to describe nature as a powerful force that controls the weather and environment.
(Một thuật ngữ dùng để mô tả thiên nhiên như một thế lực mạnh mẽ kiểm soát thời tiết và môi trường.)
🔹 Examples (Ví dụ):